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Python - Handling exceptions with try-except blocks

Handling Exceptions with Try Except Blocks in Python

In this chapter learn how to handle exceptions to write reliable and error-free Python code. If an exception is raised during the execution of a piece of code, the try-except block provides a way to handle it. This approach allows for slower error handling and recovery.

Syntax

The following is the syntax of the try-except block:

try:
    #Code block where exceptions might occur

except ExceptionType:
    #Code to execute if an exception of ExceptionType occurs

Example

Following is the basic example of the try-except block:

try:
    # Code that might raise an exception
    x = 0
    y = 10 / x
    print(y)

except ZeroDivisionError:
    # Code to handle the exception
    print("You cannot divide by zero!")

except ValueError:
    print("Please enter a valid integer!")

Output

You cannot divide by zero!

Example

Following is another example of handling exceptions with a try-except block: Let us consider a function that can give a ZeroDivisionError if the divisor of the two integers it divides is zero. A try-except block will be used to handle this exception.

def safe_divide(num1, num2):
    try:
        result = num1 / num2

    except ZeroDivisionError:
        print("Error: Attempted to divide by zero.")
        #Optionally return a value indicating an error condition
        return None

    else:
        print("Division successful.")
        return result

#Using the function with valid input
valid_division = safe_divide(10, 2)
print(f"Result of valid division: {valid_division}")

#Output: Division successful.
#Result of valid division: 5.0

#Using the function with a divisor of zero
invalid_division = safe_divide(10, 0)
print(f"Result of invalid division: {invalid_division}")

#Output: Error: Attempted to divide by zero.
#Result of invalid division: None

Output

ERROR!
Division successful.
Result of valid division:
5.0 Error: Attempted to divide by zero.
Result of invalid division: None

Explanations

Following are the explanations of the above code:

  • Num1 and Num2 are the two parameters that the safe_divide function accepts. We try to divide num1 by num2 inside the try block. A ZeroDivisionError is raised if num2 is zero.
  • This particular kind of exception is caught by the ZeroDivisionError block, which then outputs an error message. Then, to signal that a mistake happened, we return None.
  • The else block runs, signaling that the division was successful, and the result is returned if there are no exceptions.

With this method, the error is handled graciously and the software doesn't crash, giving the user feedback and carrying on with the execution of further code. One effective way to make your Python applications more dependable and user-friendly is to handle errors with try-except blocks.

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Python

Beginner 5 Hours

Handling Exceptions with Try Except Blocks in Python

In this chapter learn how to handle exceptions to write reliable and error-free Python code. If an exception is raised during the execution of a piece of code, the try-except block provides a way to handle it. This approach allows for slower error handling and recovery.

Syntax

The following is the syntax of the try-except block:

python
try:
    #Code block where exceptions might occur

except ExceptionType:
    #Code to execute if an exception of ExceptionType occurs

Example

Following is the basic example of the try-except block:

python
try:
    # Code that might raise an exception
    x = 0
    y = 10 / x
    print(y)

except ZeroDivisionError:
    # Code to handle the exception
    print("You cannot divide by zero!")

except ValueError:
    print("Please enter a valid integer!")

Output

You cannot divide by zero!

Example

Following is another example of handling exceptions with a try-except block: Let us consider a function that can give a ZeroDivisionError if the divisor of the two integers it divides is zero. A try-except block will be used to handle this exception.

python
def safe_divide(num1, num2):
    try:
        result = num1 / num2

    except ZeroDivisionError:
        print("Error: Attempted to divide by zero.")
        #Optionally return a value indicating an error condition
        return None

    else:
        print("Division successful.")
        return result

#Using the function with valid input
valid_division = safe_divide(10, 2)
print(f"Result of valid division: {valid_division}")

#Output: Division successful.
#Result of valid division: 5.0

#Using the function with a divisor of zero
invalid_division = safe_divide(10, 0)
print(f"Result of invalid division: {invalid_division}")

#Output: Error: Attempted to divide by zero.
#Result of invalid division: None

Output

ERROR!
Division successful.
Result of valid division:
5.0 Error: Attempted to divide by zero.
Result of invalid division: None

Explanations

Following are the explanations of the above code:

  • Num1 and Num2 are the two parameters that the safe_divide function accepts. We try to divide num1 by num2 inside the try block. A ZeroDivisionError is raised if num2 is zero.
  • This particular kind of exception is caught by the ZeroDivisionError block, which then outputs an error message. Then, to signal that a mistake happened, we return None.
  • The else block runs, signaling that the division was successful, and the result is returned if there are no exceptions.

With this method, the error is handled graciously and the software doesn't crash, giving the user feedback and carrying on with the execution of further code. One effective way to make your Python applications more dependable and user-friendly is to handle errors with try-except blocks.

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Frequently Asked Questions for Python

Python is commonly used for developing websites and software, task automation, data analysis, and data visualisation. Since it's relatively easy to learn, Python has been adopted by many non-programmers, such as accountants and scientists, for a variety of everyday tasks, like organising finances.


Python's syntax is a lot closer to English and so it is easier to read and write, making it the simplest type of code to learn how to write and develop with. The readability of C++ code is weak in comparison and it is known as being a language that is a lot harder to get to grips with.

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Python can be considered beginner-friendly, as it is a programming language that prioritizes readability, making it easier to understand and use. Its syntax has similarities with the English language, making it easy for novice programmers to leap into the world of development.

To start coding in Python, you need to install Python and set up your development environment. You can download Python from the official website, use Anaconda Python, or start with DataLab to get started with Python in your browser.

Learning Curve: Python is generally considered easier to learn for beginners due to its simplicity, while Java is more complex but provides a deeper understanding of how programming works.

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6 Top Tips for Learning Python

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The following is a step-by-step guide for beginners interested in learning Python using Windows.

  • Set up your development environment.
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  • Hello World tutorial for some Python basics.
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Write your first Python programStart by writing a simple Python program, such as a classic "Hello, World!" script. This process will help you understand the syntax and structure of Python code.

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