JavaScript is a high-level, interpreted programming language primarily used for creating interactive and dynamic content on web pages. It enables developers to implement complex features such as real-time updates, interactive forms, and animations.

In JavaScript:

You can debug JavaScript using browser developer tools, the **console.log()** method, and breakpoints in Chrome/Firefox. Tools like VSCode, Chrome DevTools, and debuggers help trace and fix issues.

A JavaScript array is a special variable that can hold multiple values. Common methods include .push(), .pop(), .shift(), .unshift(), .map(), .filter(), and .reduce().

A promise in JavaScript is an object representing the eventual completion or failure of an asynchronous operation. It allows you to associate handlers with an asynchronous action's eventual success value or failure reason.

In JavaScript DOM events, event bubbling means the event propagates from the target element up to the root. Event capturing is the opposite, where the event travels from root to target.

In JavaScript:

Event delegation is a technique in JavaScript where a parent element handles events for its child elements, utilizing the concept of event bubbling to manage events more efficiently.

The **this** keyword in JavaScript refers to the object from which it was called. Its value changes depending on the execution context (e.g., in a method, constructor, or global scope).

Both are part of the Web Storage API in JavaScript:

A shallow copy duplicates only the first level of an object, while a deep copy duplicates all nested levels, ensuring that modifying the copy doesn’t affect the original.

Prototypal inheritance allows JavaScript objects to inherit properties and methods from other objects using the prototype chain, enabling code reuse and OOP (Object-Oriented Programming) patterns.

An arrow function (=>) is a shorter syntax for writing functions in JavaScript. It does not bind its own this, making it ideal for callbacks and functional programming.

All three methods are used to change the context of **this** in JavaScript functions:

Template literals (using backticks `) in JavaScript allow for string interpolation, multi-line strings, and embedded expressions using ${} syntax.

The DOM is a programming interface for HTML and XML documents. It represents the document as a tree of nodes, allowing JavaScript to manipulate the content and structure of web pages dynamically.

Hoisting is a JavaScript mechanism where variables and function declarations are moved to the top of their containing scope during the compile phase, allowing code to use functions and variables before they are declared.

In JavaScript, a function is a block of code designed to perform a particular task. Functions are executed when they are invoked (called).

In JavaScript:

The **isNaN()** function in JavaScript determines whether a value is NaN (Not-a-Number). It returns true if the value is NaN, and false otherwise.

A closure in JavaScript is a function that retains access to its lexical scope, even when the function is executed outside that scope. This allows functions to maintain access to variables from their containing function.

In JavaScript:

In JavaScript:

In JavaScript:

JavaScript supports various data types, including: