C++ - Bank Account Management System

Bank Account Management System in C++

Introduction

A C++ Bank Account Management System allows users to create and manage bank accounts. The system supports basic banking operations such as depositing money, withdrawing funds, checking balance, and viewing account details. The purpose of this project is to practice object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts, file handling, and basic data management in C++.

Key Features

• Create Account: Allows users to create new bank accounts with account number, holder name, and initial balance.
• Deposit Money: Users can deposit money into their accounts.
• Withdraw Money: Users can withdraw money from their accounts, subject to available balance.
• Check Balance: Users can check their current account balance.
• View Account Details: Displays account information such as account holder name, balance, and account number.
• File Handling: Stores account information in a file to retain data after program execution.

Project Structure

The project can be structured as follows:

• BankAccount Class: A class to represent a bank account with member variables such as account number, account holder's name, and balance.
• Menu System: A user interface that allows the user to select actions such as creating an account, depositing, withdrawing, and checking balance.
• File Handling: Functions to store and retrieve account data from a file.

BankAccount Class

The BankAccount class will represent individual accounts. Each account will have attributes like account number, account holder's name, and account balance. The class will include methods for deposit, withdraw, display account details, and other functionalities.

BankAccount Class Structure

#include 
#include 

class BankAccount {
private:
    int accountNumber;
    std::string holderName;
    double balance;

public:
    // Constructor to initialize account
    BankAccount(int accountNumber, std::string holderName, double initialBalance)
        : accountNumber(accountNumber), holderName(holderName), balance(initialBalance) {}

    // Function to deposit money
    void deposit(double amount) {
        if (amount > 0) {
            balance += amount;
            std::cout << "Deposited " << amount << ". New balance: " << balance << std::endl;
        } else {
            std::cout << "Invalid deposit amount." << std::endl;
        }
    }

    // Function to withdraw money
    void withdraw(double amount) {
        if (amount > 0 && amount <= balance) {
            balance -= amount;
            std::cout << "Withdrew " << amount << ". New balance: " << balance << std::endl;
        } else {
            std::cout << "Invalid or insufficient funds for withdrawal." << std::endl;
        }
    }

    // Function to check balance
    void checkBalance() {
        std::cout << "Current balance: " << balance << std::endl;
    }

    // Function to display account details
    void displayAccountDetails() {
        std::cout << "Account Number: " << accountNumber << "\nAccount Holder: " << holderName
                  << "\nBalance: " << balance << std::endl;
    }
};
    

File Handling

To retain account data even after the program terminates, account information is saved in a file. We will use ofstream to write data to a file and ifstream to read data from the file.

Writing Account Information to a File

#include 

void saveToFile(const BankAccount& account) {
    std::ofstream file("bank_accounts.txt", std::ios::app); // Open in append mode
    if (file.is_open()) {
        file << account.getAccountNumber() << "\n" 
             << account.getHolderName() << "\n"
             << account.getBalance() << "\n";
        file.close();
    } else {
        std::cout << "Error opening file." << std::endl;
    }
}
    

Reading Account Information from a File

#include 
#include 

std::vector loadFromFile() {
    std::vector accounts;
    std::ifstream file("bank_accounts.txt");
    int accountNumber;
    std::string holderName;
    double balance;

    while (file >> accountNumber >> std::ws && std::getline(file, holderName) && file >> balance) {
        accounts.push_back(BankAccount(accountNumber, holderName, balance));
    }

    file.close();
    return accounts;
}
    

Menu System

The user will interact with the system via a simple menu. The menu will allow the user to choose different banking operations, including creating an account, depositing money, withdrawing money, checking balance, and displaying account details.

Menu Example

#include 
#include 

void displayMenu() {
    std::cout << "1. Create Account\n";
    std::cout << "2. Deposit Money\n";
    std::cout << "3. Withdraw Money\n";
    std::cout << "4. Check Balance\n";
    std::cout << "5. View Account Details\n";
    std::cout << "6. Exit\n";
}

int main() {
    std::vector accounts;
    int choice;

    while (true) {
        displayMenu();
        std::cout << "Enter your choice: ";
        std::cin >> choice;

        switch (choice) {
            case 1: {
                int accountNumber;
                std::string holderName;
                double initialBalance;

                std::cout << "Enter account number: ";
                std::cin >> accountNumber;
                std::cin.ignore();
                std::cout << "Enter account holder name: ";
                std::getline(std::cin, holderName);
                std::cout << "Enter initial balance: ";
                std::cin >> initialBalance;

                BankAccount newAccount(accountNumber, holderName, initialBalance);
                accounts.push_back(newAccount);
                saveToFile(newAccount);
                break;
            }
            case 2: {
                int accountNumber;
                double depositAmount;
                std::cout << "Enter account number: ";
                std::cin >> accountNumber;
                std::cout << "Enter amount to deposit: ";
                std::cin >> depositAmount;

                for (auto& account : accounts) {
                    if (account.getAccountNumber() == accountNumber) {
                        account.deposit(depositAmount);
                        break;
                    }
                }
                break;
            }
            case 3: {
                int accountNumber;
                double withdrawalAmount;
                std::cout << "Enter account number: ";
                std::cin >> accountNumber;
                std::cout << "Enter amount to withdraw: ";
                std::cin >> withdrawalAmount;

                for (auto& account : accounts) {
                    if (account.getAccountNumber() == accountNumber) {
                        account.withdraw(withdrawalAmount);
                        break;
                    }
                }
                break;
            }
            case 4: {
                int accountNumber;
                std::cout << "Enter account number: ";
                std::cin >> accountNumber;

                for (auto& account : accounts) {
                    if (account.getAccountNumber() == accountNumber) {
                        account.checkBalance();
                        break;
                    }
                }
                break;
            }
            case 5: {
                int accountNumber;
                std::cout << "Enter account number: ";
                std::cin >> accountNumber;

                for (auto& account : accounts) {
                    if (account.getAccountNumber() == accountNumber) {
                        account.displayAccountDetails();
                        break;
                    }
                }
                break;
            }
            case 6:
                std::cout << "Exiting the program...\n";
                return 0;
            default:
                std::cout << "Invalid option. Please try again.\n";
                break;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}
    

The C++ Bank Account Management System is a great project to practice object-oriented programming, file handling, and basic operations in C++. This project allows users to perform real-life banking operations such as creating an account, depositing and withdrawing money, and viewing balance and account details. It demonstrates how C++ can be used to develop useful applications with data persistence.