The .Net framework applications are multi-platform applications. The framework has been designed in such a way that it can be used from any of the following languages: C#, C++, Visual Basic, Jscript, COBOL, etc. All these languages can access the framework as well as communicate with each other.
The .Net framework consists of an enormous library of codes used by the client languages such as C#. Following are some of the components of the .Net framework -
Let's Learn in details
The CLR is the heart of the .NET Framework. It is responsible for managing the execution of .NET programs and providing essential services such as memory management, exception handling, garbage collection, and security.
Responsibilities:
Memory Management: The CLR uses a garbage collector to automatically manage memory, reclaiming unused memory and reducing memory leaks.
Exception Handling: It provides a consistent way to handle exceptions across all .NET languages.
Security: The CLR ensures that only trusted code runs through the Code Access Security (CAS) mechanism.
Thread Management: It provides threading support, allowing multiple operations to run concurrently.
Type Safety: The CLR ensures that type safety is enforced, which helps prevent type errors.
2. Base Class Library (BCL)
The BCL is a core set of libraries that provide fundamental functionality to .NET applications. It includes classes for common tasks like file input/output, network communication, data collection, and more.
Common BCL namespaces include:
3. Common Type System (CTS)
The CTS defines how types are declared, used, and managed in the .NET Framework. It ensures that types defined in different languages can interact with each other.
Key Points:
Provides a set of rules that all .NET languages must follow.
All types in .NET are derived from the System.Object base class.
It includes both value types (e.g., int, double) and reference types (e.g., string, classes).
4. Common Language Specification (CLS)
The CLS is a set of rules that provide a common baseline for all .NET languages, ensuring interoperability between them.
Key Points:
It ensures that code written in one .NET language can be used by other .NET languages that follow the same specification.
The CLS is a subset of the CTS, restricting certain features (e.g., unsigned types, language-specific keywords) to ensure cross-language compatibility.
4. Garbage Collection (GC)
The Garbage Collector (GC) is an automatic memory management system that reclaims memory occupied by objects that are no longer in use. It reduces the risk of memory leaks and manages memory allocation more efficiently than manual memory management techniques.
Key Points:
5 Windows Forms and ASP.NET
Windows Forms: A UI framework for creating desktop applications with graphical interfaces.
ASP.NET: A web development framework used to build dynamic web applications and services, including web APIs, with rich features like web forms, MVC, and Web API.
6. Web Services (WCF and ASP.NET Web API)
Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) is used for building service-oriented applications, especially for inter-process communication (IPC) and web services.
ASP.NET Web API is a simpler, lightweight framework for building RESTful services that can be consumed by clients over HTTP.
7. ADO .Net
ADO.NET is a set of libraries used to interact with databases. It provides classes for querying and manipulating data from databases like SQL Server, Oracle, and other data sources.
Key Points:
ADO.NET uses data providers (e.g., SQLDataProvider) to interact with databases.
It supports DataSet, DataReader, and Command classes for managing data.
8. Entity Framework
Entity Framework (EF) is an Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) framework that allows you to work with databases using .NET objects.
Key Points:
EF provides an abstraction layer over ADO.NET, making database access more intuitive.
It supports LINQ queries, lazy loading, and migrations for schema changes.
The .Net framework applications are multi-platform applications. The framework has been designed in such a way that it can be used from any of the following languages: C#, C++, Visual Basic, Jscript, COBOL, etc. All these languages can access the framework as well as communicate with each other.
The .Net framework consists of an enormous library of codes used by the client languages such as C#. Following are some of the components of the .Net framework -
Let's Learn in details
The CLR is the heart of the .NET Framework. It is responsible for managing the execution of .NET programs and providing essential services such as memory management, exception handling, garbage collection, and security.
Responsibilities:
Memory Management: The CLR uses a garbage collector to automatically manage memory, reclaiming unused memory and reducing memory leaks.
Exception Handling: It provides a consistent way to handle exceptions across all .NET languages.
Security: The CLR ensures that only trusted code runs through the Code Access Security (CAS) mechanism.
Thread Management: It provides threading support, allowing multiple operations to run concurrently.
Type Safety: The CLR ensures that type safety is enforced, which helps prevent type errors.
2. Base Class Library (BCL)
The BCL is a core set of libraries that provide fundamental functionality to .NET applications. It includes classes for common tasks like file input/output, network communication, data collection, and more.
Common BCL namespaces include:
3. Common Type System (CTS)
The CTS defines how types are declared, used, and managed in the .NET Framework. It ensures that types defined in different languages can interact with each other.
Key Points:
Provides a set of rules that all .NET languages must follow.
All types in .NET are derived from the System.Object base class.
It includes both value types (e.g., int, double) and reference types (e.g., string, classes).
4. Common Language Specification (CLS)
The CLS is a set of rules that provide a common baseline for all .NET languages, ensuring interoperability between them.
Key Points:
It ensures that code written in one .NET language can be used by other .NET languages that follow the same specification.
The CLS is a subset of the CTS, restricting certain features (e.g., unsigned types, language-specific keywords) to ensure cross-language compatibility.
4. Garbage Collection (GC)
The Garbage Collector (GC) is an automatic memory management system that reclaims memory occupied by objects that are no longer in use. It reduces the risk of memory leaks and manages memory allocation more efficiently than manual memory management techniques.
Key Points:
5 Windows Forms and ASP.NET
Windows Forms: A UI framework for creating desktop applications with graphical interfaces.
ASP.NET: A web development framework used to build dynamic web applications and services, including web APIs, with rich features like web forms, MVC, and Web API.
6. Web Services (WCF and ASP.NET Web API)
Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) is used for building service-oriented applications, especially for inter-process communication (IPC) and web services.
ASP.NET Web API is a simpler, lightweight framework for building RESTful services that can be consumed by clients over HTTP.
7. ADO .Net
ADO.NET is a set of libraries used to interact with databases. It provides classes for querying and manipulating data from databases like SQL Server, Oracle, and other data sources.
Key Points:
ADO.NET uses data providers (e.g., SQLDataProvider) to interact with databases.
It supports DataSet, DataReader, and Command classes for managing data.
8. Entity Framework
Entity Framework (EF) is an Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) framework that allows you to work with databases using .NET objects.
Key Points:
EF provides an abstraction layer over ADO.NET, making database access more intuitive.
It supports LINQ queries, lazy loading, and migrations for schema changes.
C# is primarily used on the Windows . NET framework, although it can be applied to an open source platform. This highly versatile programming language is an object-oriented programming language (OOP) and comparably new to the game, yet a reliable crowd pleaser.
The C# language is also easy to learn because by learning a small subset of the language you can immediately start to write useful code. More advanced features can be learnt as you become more proficient, but you are not forced to learn them to get up and running. C# is very good at encapsulating complexity.
The decision to opt for C# or Node. js largely hinges on the specific requirements of your project. If you're developing a CPU-intensive, enterprise-level application where stability and comprehensive tooling are crucial, C# might be your best bet.
C# is part of .NET, a free and open source development platform for building apps that run on Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, and Android. There's an active community answering questions, producing samples, writing tutorials, authoring books, and more.
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